Optimal Siting and Sizing of Hybrid Energy Systems (PV-WT-CHP) and Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Simultaneously based on Game Theory Approach

This paper proposes a methodology for practical siting and sizing of Hybrid energy systems (HESs) consist of: wind turbine (WT), photovoltaic (PV) and combined heat and power (CHP) units. In this method, the interaction of Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PIEVs) in the electric distribution system is considered. Electric Vehicle are seen to have some negative impacts on electric distribution system performance, such as increasing power losses, voltage variations and even customer energy prices. An important issue is that high penetration of electric vehicle (EVs) brings heavy electricity demand to the power grid. One effective way to alleviate the impact is to integrate local power generation such as Hybrid Energy Systems (HESs) into charging infrastructure. In this paper at the first stage, candidate buses for installation of Hybrid Energy Systems (PV-WT-CHP) and EV charging station. Then, the heat selling possibility of the buses is determined through the Bus Heating Factor (BHF) using a fuzzy method. Utilizing this factor and the electrical power to heat ratio of the units, the HESs placement proposal is suggested at the second stage. Moreover, the financial benefit of investors obtained from heat selling of the CHP units (in Hybrid Energy System) is determined through an economic analysis (EA) at this stage. Studying the interaction between EVs and HESs in the distribution system and the frequency regulation process of candidate buses at the third stage, the financial benefit of the distribution company obtained from loss reduction and the voltage profile improvement is evaluated through a technical analysis (TA). Finally considering the distribution company and investors as players, the best location and capacity of HESs and EV charging station will be achieved for installing in the distribution buses using a nash equilibrium point in game theory (GT) approach. The applicability of the proposed method is examined on a sample distribution feeder in the city of Hamadan.